Albania
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .733
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 12.269 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 11140 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 21.9%
Secondary: 14.9%
Tertiary: 63.3%
Major Imports: Machinery, food
Major Exports: Textiles, footwear
HDI: .733
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 12.269 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 11140 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 21.9%
Secondary: 14.9%
Tertiary: 63.3%
Major Imports: Machinery, food
Major Exports: Textiles, footwear
Andorra
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .845
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 4.8 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 37200 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 14%
Secondary: 79%
Tertiary: 6%
Major Imports: Consumer goods, food
Major Exports: Tobacco products, furniture
HDI: .845
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 4.8 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 37200 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 14%
Secondary: 79%
Tertiary: 6%
Major Imports: Consumer goods, food
Major Exports: Tobacco products, furniture
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .733
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 16.324 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 10160 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 7.9%
Secondary: 26.5%
Tertiary: 65.6%
Major Imports: Machinery, chemicals
Major Exports: Metals, clothing
HDI: .733
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 16.324 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 10160 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 7.9%
Secondary: 26.5%
Tertiary: 65.6%
Major Imports: Machinery, chemicals
Major Exports: Metals, clothing
Croatia
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .818
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 49.928 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 21730 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 4.3%
Secondary: 26.2%
Tertiary: 69.5%
Major Imports: Machinery, transport and electrical equipment
Major Exports: Transport equipment, machinery
HDI: .818
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 49.928 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 21730 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 4.3%
Secondary: 26.2%
Tertiary: 69.5%
Major Imports: Machinery, transport and electrical equipment
Major Exports: Transport equipment, machinery
Greece
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .865
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 194.594 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 26790 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 4%
Secondary: 15%
Tertiary: 80.8%
Major Imports: Machinery, transport equipment
Major Exports: Food, manufactured goods
HDI: .865
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 194.594 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 26790 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 4%
Secondary: 15%
Tertiary: 80.8%
Major Imports: Machinery, transport equipment
Major Exports: Food, manufactured goods
Italy
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .873
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 1.849 Trillion USD
GNI Per Capita: 35850 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.3%
Secondary: 23.7%
Tertiary: 74%
Major Imports: Engineering products, chemicals
Major Exports: Engineering products, clothing
HDI: .873
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 1.849 Trillion USD
GNI Per Capita: 35850 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.3%
Secondary: 23.7%
Tertiary: 74%
Major Imports: Engineering products, chemicals
Major Exports: Engineering products, clothing
Malta
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .839
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 10.341 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 27390 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 1.4%
Secondary: 11.4%
Tertiary: 87.2%
Major Imports: Fuels, oils
Major Exports: Machinery, fuels
HDI: .839
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 10.341 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 27390 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 1.4%
Secondary: 11.4%
Tertiary: 87.2%
Major Imports: Fuels, oils
Major Exports: Machinery, fuels
Montenegro
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .802
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 4.182 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 15890 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 8.3%
Secondary: 21.2%
Tertiary: 70.5%
Major Imports: N/A
Major Exports: N/A
HDI: .802
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 4.182 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 15890 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 8.3%
Secondary: 21.2%
Tertiary: 70.5%
Major Imports: N/A
Major Exports: N/A
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .802
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 4.182 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 15890 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 8.3%
Secondary: 21.2%
Tertiary: 70.5%
Major Imports: N/A
Major Exports: N/A
HDI: .802
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 4.182 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 15890 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 8.3%
Secondary: 21.2%
Tertiary: 70.5%
Major Imports: N/A
Major Exports: N/A
Portugal
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .830
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 205.085 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 28590 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.4%
Secondary: 21.9%
Tertiary: 75.9%
Major Imports: Agricultural products, chemicals
Major Exports: Agricultural products, food
HDI: .830
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 205.085 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 28590 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.4%
Secondary: 21.9%
Tertiary: 75.9%
Major Imports: Agricultural products, chemicals
Major Exports: Agricultural products, food
San Marino
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: N/A
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 1.569 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 63900 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 0%
Secondary: 39.2%
Tertiary: 60.7%
Major Imports: manufactured goods, food
Major Exports: stone, lime, wood
HDI: N/A
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 1.569 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 63900 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 0%
Secondary: 39.2%
Tertiary: 60.7%
Major Imports: manufactured goods, food
Major Exports: stone, lime, wood
Serbia
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .771
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 37.381 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 12800 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 9.5%
Secondary: 41.9%
Tertiary: 48.6%
Major Imports: Machinery, fuels
Major Exports: Iron and steel, rubber, clothes
HDI: .771
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 37.381 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 12800 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 9.5%
Secondary: 41.9%
Tertiary: 48.6%
Major Imports: Machinery, fuels
Major Exports: Iron and steel, rubber, clothes
Slovenia
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .880
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 43.791 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 30830 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.3%
Secondary: 33.5%
Tertiary: 64.2%
Major Imports: Machinery, manufactured goods
Major Exports: Manufactured goods, machinery
HDI: .880
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 43.791 Billion USD
GNI Per Capita: 30830 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.3%
Secondary: 33.5%
Tertiary: 64.2%
Major Imports: Machinery, manufactured goods
Major Exports: Manufactured goods, machinery
Spain
Economic System: Mixed
HDI: .876
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 1.242 Trillion USD
GNI Per Capita: 34490 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.5%
Secondary: 22.6%
Tertiary: 74.9%
Major Imports: Machinery, equipment, fuels
Major Exports: Machinery, vehicles, food
HDI: .876
Development Level: MDC
GDP (NOMINAL): 1.242 Trillion USD
GNI Per Capita: 34490 USD
Economic Activities by sector:
Primary: 2.5%
Secondary: 22.6%
Tertiary: 74.9%
Major Imports: Machinery, equipment, fuels
Major Exports: Machinery, vehicles, food
One advantage of the European Union on Southern Europe is that it leads to economic growth. For example, the European Union helped to modernize Spain and shift its economy from being an agricultural one to an industrial one. Also, countries in the EU can trade with each other without custom taxes, which encourages low prices. Another advantage of the EU is that the poor countries will benefit due to wealth of richer countries such as Germany having to be shared with them. Also, people in the EU can freely move to other countries which gives them more opportunities. One disadvantage of the EU is that the common use of the Euro sometimes causes problems. In countries such as Greece and Spain, it has contributed to low economic growth and high unemployment rates. Also, the EU encourages austerity, which is why it forced Greece to have government spending cuts during the recession, even though some did not think that this was a good idea.
By only looking at these economic indicators, overall, these countries are in good economic standing. Southern Europe contains 2 of the top 20 largest economies in the world. Generally, Southern European countries have high incomes and standards of living, especially in the west. However, countries such as Greece are in large amounts of debt. In the east, there are several much poorer countries, including Bosnia and Herzegovina and Albania. A reason why the eastern countries have such low GNI per capita is because of the Communist rule ofer that area until 1991. However, these countries' GNI's are increasing, along with other economic development in the region.